打造“一带一路”前行航标:新时代中国海外园区再出发
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Abstract:The“Belt and Road Initiative”is an important precursor to build a community of human destiny.The overseas industrial parks constitute an important platform for the“Belt and Road Initiative”.Therefore,this study comprehensively tracks the development process of 204 overseas industrial parks in our country from 1995 to 2017,collecting the relevant data systematically and making a comparative analysis with the development of the world industrial parks.The study finds that after 20 years of development the overseas industrial parks in our country are undergoing an overall transformation,which reveals the new direction of constituting the community of human destiny.Meanwhile it analyzes the new challenges and issues that can not be ignored nowadays and puts forward the new strategy of overseas industrial parks in China.The report is divided into six chapters.

This study firstly explores the initial hard exploration of overseas industrial parks and their growth experience.Since then,the two rounds of further development have laid the current overall pattern.The first round of further development features in China's endeavors in the opportunities and challenges of development in the world.It carefully selects the foreign economic and trade cooperation zones and fosters new forces for its integration into the global economy.It also provides domestic specific geographical grouping support for creating new advantages to create the opportunity space.It promotes the integration of the parks' wishes of going overseas and the needs of the host country,fostering a new model for regional cooperation.The second round of further development clearly reflects China's global contribution under the“Belt and Road Initiative”.It promotes the international production capacity cooperation based on“Made in China”.It enhances the rejuvenation of the host country region with“China's experience”.And it forms a bilateral strategic partnership with“China's Platform”.(Chapter One)

On the basis of fully grasping the overall process and pattern,we conductedin-depth discussions from three key aspects.

Firstly,the functional transformation of overseas industrial parks has been promoted from a carrier of economic and trade cooperation to a strategic cooperation platform.Similar to overseas industrial parks in developed countries,our overseas industrial parks have also served as carriers of economic and trade cooperation and have their own inherent limitations.The“Belt and Road Initiative”has led the transformation of our overseas industrial parks.The national leader diplomacy,top-level designand local coordination jointly promote the establishment of a strategic cooperation platform.At present,the basic feature of the functional transformation of overseas industrial parks is that the cooperative regions shifting from passive adaptation to active choice,the cooperation pattern shifting from local distribution to global cultivation,and the cooperation shifting from hard coordination to flexible affinity.(Chapter Two)

Secondly,the layout change of the overseas industrial parks has been transformed from the“circle proliferation”to the gradient expansion.The initial stage of overseas industrial parks in our country mainly concentrated in three regions of Asia,Africa and Russia.Since then there was a clear“circle proliferation”in both the Asian and African regions(It gradually spreads from southeast to northwest in Asia and from northwest to southeast in Africa),however Russia experienced an expansion from east to west in the first round of further development.The“Belt and Road Initiative”has fundamentally changed the original discrete layout.A new spatial gradient layout has been formed from the east to west along the“Belt and Road”route.The first gradient focuses on the traditional distribution centers of Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia.The second gradient centers on the emerging South Asia-Central Asia distribution.The third gradient is the potential West Asia and North Africa-Commonwealth of Independent States-Central and Eastern Europe distribution.There are 101 newly-started industrial parks from 2013 to 2017,equivalent to the sum in the previous 19 years,mainly distributed in the countries along the“Belt and Road”route,including 102 located in the China-Mongolia-Russia Corridor,the China-Indochina Peninsula Corridor,the China-Central Asia-West Asia Corridor,Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Corridor which account for half of the total.The countries with the largest number of overseas industrial parks from China are Russia(35),Cambodia(15),Indonesia(13)and Vietnam(7),all of which are along the“Belt and Road”route,and mainly concentrate in the two wings of Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia.(Chapter Three)

Thirdly,the paradigm shift in the overseas industrial park has been promoted by the embedding driving to a cluster linkage.The overseas industrial parks in our country have the unique natural“gene”for building a community of regional development.The early unique“embedding”driving paradigm with the multi-agent participation and multi-industry mixed management has an inherent connection basis of path dependence and relationship identification while the traditional Chinese culture helps add an endogenous foundation in it.With the development of“Belt and Road Initiative”,the development model of overseas industrial parks has been upgraded to a higher level of cluster linkage,showing a series of new trends such as brand leadership of the operating enterprises,new cooperation of development entities,derivative settings of flagship parks and high-end linkage of specialized parks.This has brought a major shift from“alien people”to“own people”,from“giving the fish”to“giving how to fish”and from“dilemma choice”to“both win”.The situation not only stems from the common support of multiple entities and channel resources,but also from the cooperation with local community,cultural integration and win-win benefits.It gradually embodies the deep trend of building a new type of shared development community.(Chapter Four)

However,itcan not be ignored that our overseas industrial parks are facing new challenges and problems.From a domestic perspective,the overheating signs of the parkscan not be ignored.The policy dividends need to be released and the misunderstandings of concepts must be overcome.From the perspective of the host country,it is haunted by the tangled trade-off between opportunities and risks,the embarrassment of cooperation and competition,the difficult situation of the industrial parks and the local community.From the perspective of the park itself,more complicated situations are there to test the park's ability to adapt.More difficult surroundings are there to test the park's allocation ability and higher competitions to test Park's strategic capabilities.(Chapter Five)

To this end,this study proposes a strategy for the development of overseasindustrial parks based on the new community building in the new era.Firstly,the top-level strategy of overall planning needs the full integration of policies and regulations,in-depth innovation of macro-management system.Secondly,layout optimization strategy needs to cultivate the contemporary“Silk Road Inn”,to create a fulcrum-type park groups and to build a“two horizontal and three vertical”corridor.Thirdly,a multidimensional coordination strategy needs to strengthen the cross-border policy communication,to upgrade the investment promotion mechanism and to publicize the joint management of the three levels.Fourthly,the strategy of“overseas escorting”needs to expand the diversified capital investment,to facilitate the multi-channel information sharing and to unite the various cooperation forces.Fifthly,the rooting strategy of integration needs to comprehensively consolidate the foundations of industries,to effectively explore the road of industrial integration with urban development and to actively pursue the benefits of human beings.(Chapter Six)

Key words:China's Overseas Industrial Parks;Belt and Road Initiative;a community of shared future for mankind;Regional Development